A report sponsored by the American Cancer Society has determined that a concentrated extract of broccoli sprouts cuts the development of bladder cancer by more than half in animal models. The data is in line with previous human epidemiological studies that support the role that vegetables like broccoli can have in preventing bladder cancer.

Researchers focused on broccoli because it is part of the cruciferous vegetable family, which includes cauliflower, kale, brussel sprouts, and cabbage. Cruciferous vegetables are consistently cited as some of the best for our health because they are not only high in vitamins, minerals, and fiber, but they are rich source of sulfur containing compounds known as glucosinolates.

When glucosinolates are broken down in our bodies, they form certain hydrolysis by-products, including the phytochemical isothyiocyanates (ITCs). Broccoli sprouts have about 30 times more ITCs than mature broccoli, which is why they were chosen for the experiment.

ITCs are believed to have anti-cancer properties because they remove or eliminate potential tumor producing agents from our bodies. ITCs are also thought to promote the formation of cancer suppressing proteins in the body. In fact, studies have shown that consumption of cruciferous vegetables reduces oxidative stress on our bodies, in some instances by as much as 22%. Oxidative stress results from the formation of oxygen free molecules, which are believed to contribute to tumorigenesis in our cells.

But cancer prevention is only part of the picture. Diets rich in cruciferous vegetables are also believed to help reduce inflammation in the body, and by extension, lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, because they are excellent sources of fiber, they may play a role in preventing colon cancer. And finally, cruciferous vegetables are a good source of vitamin A, vitamin C, and folic acid.

Nutrition experts recommend that cruciferous vegetables be eaten either raw or gently steamed to retain the healthful properties. It is important to note that the consumption of cruciferous vegetables does not make it all right to increase our intake of unhealthy foods, including fats, processed sugars, and alcohol. Nor does it preclude other healthy lifestyle choices, including getting enough exercise, reducing stress, and avoiding all forms of nicotine, all of which can be contributing factors in cancer formation.

According to the American Cancer Society, bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer diagnosed in men. Though it’s incidence has been rising, mortality rates have declined over the past 20 years. It primarily affects older people and 90% of the cases occur in people over the age of 50.

Before embarking on a diet rich in cruciferous vegetables, seek the advice of your physician or an experienced nutritionist.